FEATURES OF US COOPERATION IN THE LATIN AMERICAN REGION AS A STRATEGY DURING THE PRESIDENCIES OF B. OBAMA AND D. TRUMP

Abstract

The article is devoted to the deepening trends of US influence on the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, since the cooperation of the United States of America with the countries of Latin America in the 21st century has undergone a noticeable transformation, especially during the presidencies of B. Obama and D. Trump. It is noted that these two stages reflect radically different foreign policy philosophies, which directly influenced the format and depth of US interaction with the region. The activities of Latin American states in the struggle for restructuring the existing system of relations at the global and regional levels are analyzed. The components of the foreign policy course of the United States of America towards the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean are analyzed. It is emphasized that the B. Obama administration adhered to a multilateral and inclusive approach, focused on restoring trust and partnership relations. The key risks of this policy are identified, for example, the normalization of relations with Cuba, which became a symbol of the rejection of the confrontational legacy of the Cold War, the emphasis on diplomacy, dialogue and "soft power", in particular in the areas of education, civil society development, human rights and the fight against poverty. It is substantiated that D. Trump's policy towards Latin America was built on the principle of "America First", which meant a focus on narrowly defined US national interests, a reduction in diplomatic involvement and a weakening of multilateral cooperation mechanisms. A strict focus on migration security, including pressure on Mexico and the countries of Central America. It is emphasized that the Obama period was characterized by strategic partnership and diplomatic engagement; the Trump period - transactionalism, securitization and limited attention to the region. These differences have not only determined the dynamics of US relations with Latin America. It is noted that in the internal process of reducing USAID programs increases instability and migration.